在搭建Web服務(wù)器的過程中，SSL證書的配置是至關(guān)重要的一步，它能夠保證你的網(wǎng)站在傳輸數(shù)據(jù)時的安全性，防止數(shù)據(jù)被竊取或者篡改，本文將以CentOS 6和CentOS 7為例，詳細(xì)介紹如何在這兩個操作系統(tǒng)上配置SSL證書。

CentOS 6上搭建web服務(wù)器的SSL證書配置

1、安裝HTTPS模塊

在CentOS 6上，我們需要首先安裝mod_ssl模塊，它是Apache HTTP服務(wù)器的一個擴(kuò)展，用于支持SSL和TLS協(xié)議。

yum install mod_ssl mod_ssldevel

2、生成SSL證書

我們可以使用OpenSSL工具來生成自簽名的SSL證書，我們需要創(chuàng)建一個私鑰文件：

openssl genrsa out /etc/pki/tls/private/localhost.key 2048

我們使用這個私鑰文件來生成一個證書簽名請求（CSR）：

openssl req new key /etc/pki/tls/private/localhost.key out /etc/pki/tls/certs/localhost.csr

我們使用私鑰和CSR來生成一個自簽名的SSL證書：

openssl x509 req days 365 in /etc/pki/tls/certs/localhost.csr signkey /etc/pki/tls/private/localhost.key out /etc/pki/tls/certs/localhost.crt

3、配置Apache服務(wù)器

我們需要修改Apache的配置文件httpd.conf，啟用mod_ssl模塊，并指定SSL證書和私鑰的路徑。

LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so
Include conf/extra/httpdssl.conf
SSLCertificateFile      /etc/pki/tls/certs/localhost.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/pki/tls/private/localhost.key

4、重啟Apache服務(wù)器

我們需要重啟Apache服務(wù)器，使配置生效：

service httpd restart

CentOS 7上搭建web服務(wù)器的SSL證書配置

1、安裝HTTPS模塊

在CentOS 7上，我們同樣需要首先安裝mod_ssl模塊，可以使用以下命令進(jìn)行安裝：

yum install mod_ssl openssl firewalld y

2、生成SSL證書

在CentOS 7上，我們可以使用Let’s Encrypt來自動獲取和更新SSL證書，我們需要安裝Certbot工具：

yum install epelrelease y && yum install certbot python2certbotnginx y && yum clean all && systemctl start certbot && systemctl enable certbot

我們可以使用Certbot來生成和配置SSL證書：

sudo certbot nginx d example.com d www.example.com redirect registerunsafelywithoutemail agreetos stapleocsp renewby default forcerenewal vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv0 server https://acmev02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory d example.com d www.example.com preferredchallenges http w /var/www/example.com/public_html n secureport=443 standalone m example@example.com d example.com d www.example.com redirect registerunsafelywithoutemail agreetos stapleocsp renewby default forcerenewal vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv0 server https://acmestagingv02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory d example.com d www.example.com preferredchallenges http w /var/www/example.com/public_html n secureport=443 standalone m example@example.com d example.com d www.example.com redirect registerunsafelywithoutemail agreetos stapleocsp renewby default forcerenewal vvv0 server https://acmestagingv02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory d example.com d www.example.com preferredchallenges http w /var/www/example.com/public_html n secureport=443 standalone m example@example.com d example.com d www.example.com redirect registerunsafelywithoutemail agreetos stapleocsp renewby default forcerenewal v0 server https://acmestagingv02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory d example.com d www.example.com preferredchallenges http w /var/www/example.com/public_html n secureport=443 standalone m example@example.com d example.com d www.example.com redirect registerunsafelywithoutemail agreetos stapleocsp renewby default forcerenewal h 0.0.0.0:443 apache d example.com d www.example.com preferredchallenges http w /var/www/example.com/public_html n secureport=443 standalone m example@example.com d example.com d www.example.com redirect registerunsafelywithoutemail agreetos stapleocsp renewby default forcerenewal c /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem k /etc/letsencrypt