CentOS7系統(tǒng)解壓安裝MySQL完整指南
準(zhǔn)備工作
確保系統(tǒng)已安裝wget工具,執(zhí)行命令檢查:
rpm -qa | grep wget
若未安裝則通過以下命令獲取:
yum install -y wget
MySQL二進(jìn)制包下載
訪問MySQL官方倉庫獲取最新版本:
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.36-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz
驗(yàn)證文件完整性:
sha256sum mysql-8.0.36-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz
解壓與部署
創(chuàng)建專用安裝目錄:
mkdir /usr/local/mysql
解壓二進(jìn)制文件至目標(biāo)路徑:
tar -xvf mysql-8.0.36-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz -C /usr/local/mysql --strip-components 1
系統(tǒng)環(huán)境配置
創(chuàng)建專屬用戶組:
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
設(shè)置目錄權(quán)限:
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
chmod -R 750 /usr/local/mysql
數(shù)據(jù)庫初始化
執(zhí)行初始化腳本:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
記錄輸出的臨時(shí)root密碼:
A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Jqkl7s!m0_ws
服務(wù)配置管理
創(chuàng)建systemd服務(wù)文件:
vi /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service
寫入以下服務(wù)配置:
[Unit] Description=MySQL Server After=network.target [Service] User=mysql Group=mysql ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf Restart=on-failure [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
重載服務(wù)配置:
systemctl daemon-reload
安全啟動(dòng)與驗(yàn)證
啟動(dòng)MySQL服務(wù):
systemctl start mysql
systemctl enable mysql
使用初始密碼登錄:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p
立即修改root密碼:
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NewSecurePass123!';
可選配置優(yōu)化
創(chuàng)建配置文件:
vi /etc/my.cnf
添加基礎(chǔ)配置參數(shù):
[mysqld] datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data socket=/tmp/mysql.sock symbolic-links=0 log-error=/var/log/mysql.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid